Session, Ackerfeld, Weise, Joch
I am looking for a detailed explanation, not just translations, of these terms as applicable to 1860s Hungary.
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Context, please?
Are you asking how to say "session" in Hungarian? (It depends on what sort of session: ülésszak, gyűlés, szakasz, munkafázis, munkaszakasz, ...)
The rest are surnames of German origin, as far as I can tell. I don't think any of them have an obvious enough etymology (or folk etymology/false cognate) to give rise to translations in records (like Wolfgang/Farkas or Braun/Barna).
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Please add Urb. Session or Urb.-Session to the list of terms for which I am inquiring.
These are German terms of land measures and types of land. Joch is a yoke of land. I don't know how much land that means. Urb. may be an abbreviation for Urbarium, but that is a guess.
The contexts are árverések (auctions) of land and property in 1860s Hungary.
I would like to find an article in English, German or Hungarian that explains these terms and their usage.
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I don't know if this is helpful. Let me know
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Feudalism didn't end in the Austrian Empire in the late 1840s. (Austro-Hungary wasn't created until 1867.) This 1860s "Urb. Session"/land auction could be part of the land reforms where peasants were liberated and received land. They did not get land for free, but it was at a reduced rate with the peasant paying 1/3, the government paying 1/3, and the lord losing 1/3 to cover the full value of the land.
The process was not finished over night, and some parts of the realm may have taken longer to get it done than others. The records for feudal estates were called Familiant or Familianten books. [Note: Because the Jewish tracking system created in the 1780s was based on the feudal record keeping system, these are also called Familiant or Familianten books.]
While Wikipedia is definitely not perfect, you might consider starting here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_reform_in_the_Austrian_Empire
The Land and Property portions of the Austria and Hungary wiki pages by FamilySearch are sadly lacking helpful information regarding this. The most well-developed page for this appears to be under Czechia, which was an Austrian crownland. You could read these pages for some context as it appear to be true across the realm; however, some parts may only be true to Czechia.
- https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/Czechia_Land_and_Property
- https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/Czechia_Jewish_Records -- for Familiant(en) information (JewishGen also has some helpful articles.)
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Thank you.
Are the Familianten books available?
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I forgot to add, how did the land reform process take place in the case of a village in Hungary that was owned by a religious order? Was it the same split by thirds?
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