18. sz. Latin occupations, village life
I need help reading a few Latin words. I do not need the whole page translated, only a few words. I have already translated the column headings. The year is 1768, DGS 8748451:
IMG 680/969, third column from the right, Opificium (craftsmen), line 14: ?ustor ?c….
IMG 681/969, At the the top of the last two columns for Exinde Emolumentum (income thence) are two symbols. Are these for Florenos and Dénários?
In the middle of this page there is a section labelled Inquilini Domicilia habentes sine Apportinentis. Are these folks just regular old Inquilini, landless cotters? I can't find Apportinentis in the dictionary. My understanding of Inquilini and Subinquilini is that both are landless, however Inquilini their own house on someone else's land and that Subinquilini live in someone else's house.
On this same page, third column from the right, Opificium, line 3: ?Juratus loci, local notary?.
Lines 11, 12,13, 15: ?Maceratorium = kenderáztató. Retters. I found a reference for this craft:
Line 14 is interesting. He is an Altiliarius or grassor, a maker of libamáj. I would like to find an article about this profession in 18th century Hungary, angolul vagy magyarul.
Line 20 Campi ?….? I can't read the second word. (See IMG 677/969 line 20 for another version of this occupation.)
Line 23 ?P….? Cothur(nus/arius). I can't read the first word. Some type of csizma. (See IMG 677/969 lines 9 & 10 for another version of this p-word.)
Line 24 is interesting, a Tonsor et Chyrurgus, a borbély és sebész. I would also like to find an article about this profession in 18th century Hungary, angolul vagy magyarul.
I noticed that everyone in this village has a 1/2 or less sessios farm. It takes a full session-sized farm to support a family. How did these folks support themselves? Did they do day work on the noble's lands in addition to their required robot work? If so, did the noble have a store to sell them food or were they paid in kind with food?
Thanking you in advance.
Comments
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MACSE's Latin word list (https://macse.hu/society/latin.php?id=J) gives esküdt "juror" for juratus, but given that Hungary does not have the English tradition of jury trials, I'm not certain what job description they actually meant with this word.
I think apportinentijs is "appurtenances" or something in that ballpark. (See for example the derivation and third ["law"] definition in the first entry [American Heritage Dictionary] here: https://www.thefreedictionary.com/appurtenance.)
I've seen both inquilinus and subinquilinus translated as zsellér "cotter", but the above-mentioned word list specifies házatlan "houseless" for the latter (and also lists inquilinus domiciliatus for specifically házas zsellér [which, based on the Latin, is "cotter with a house", not "married cotter" like it looks]).
A couple of articles on the subject of poultry-farming (and -stuffing): https://www.arcanum.com/hu/online-kiadvanyok/MagyarNeprajz-magyar-neprajz-2/ii-gazdalkodas-4/allattartas-pasztorkodas-A52/baromfitartas-D4F/baromfihus-baromfikereskedelem-D9F/baromfihizlalas-DA6/ and https://eteltcsakokosan.hu/a-libatartas-tortenete-az-okortol-napjainkig/.
I think line 20 is campi custos: mezőőr "field guard".
I can't figure out what's before the second cothur~ (cothurnarius: csizmadia "shoemaker, bootmaker, cobbler"). It's probably an abbreviation, which makes it Really Hard to look up in word lists.
The barber-surgeon is a known occupation in English, too. (I guess they both need really sharp blades?)
In later records, kisbirtokos "smallholder" is a common occupation/status, indicating a farmer with not enough land to live off of; they tended to supplement their farming with either unskilled day-laboring or a skilled craft, such as smithing or carpentry. I suppose the same basic idea applied earlier, too, just with more involvement of a landlord/nobleman. I would assume that they got paid in money (coins), which they would spend at the nearest local market (piac)?
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Thank you very much, Julia.
I've solved the mystery of the p-word. On IMG 670/969, the word is plicator.
1906 Balázs Latin Magyar Dict.: plicator - foldozó szabó
foldoz › foltoz
foltozó varga - shoe mender
foltozó szabó - bushelman
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